Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Signal coverage of BDS-3 GEOs
- FIGURE 2
Data processing flow of BDS PPP service
- FIGURE 3
Phase rotation of PPP-B2b_I
- FIGURE 4
Constellation corresponding to optimized Type-III ACE-BOC
- FIGURE 5
PSD corresponding to optimized Type-III ACE-BOC
- FIGURE 6
Positioning accuracy loss caused by the different update intervals of the satellite corrections
- FIGURE 7
PPP-B2b_I navigation message frame structure
- FIGURE 8
Test performance of LDPC(162,81) code
- FIGURE 9
Power spectrum of GEO-1
- FIGURE 10
Correlation function of PPP-B2b when it is independently received
- FIGURE 11
SCB of DLL discriminator of PPP-B2b
- FIGURE 12
Baseband signal waveform of PPP-B2b
- FIGURE 13
Code and carrier phase consistency of PPP-B2b
- FIGURE 14
C/N0 of PPP-B2b
- FIGURE 15
Average positioning accuracy and convergence time in static experiment at four different stations
- FIGURE 16
Position errors in static experiment at four different stations on April 20, 2020
Tables
Performance Receiver Type Elevation Angle (°) Vehicle Geodetic Hand-held Portable Typical G/T (dB/K) ≤ –30.7 ≤ –32.7 ≤ –32.7 ≤ –33.9 5 –26.2 ∼ –28.6 –26.7 ∼ –30.0 –28.6 ∼ –34.0 ≤ –30.0 20 –22.7 ∼ –25.1 –22.7 ∼ –24.1 –24.7 ∼ –25.1 –26.1 ∼ –26.4 50 –20.7 ∼ –21.1 –19.6 ∼ –20.7 –21.0 ∼ –25.0 –23.4 ∼ –25.6 90 ↵* The G/T values of the receivers are tested and provided by the manufacturers. Because of the limited number of manufacturers surveyed and the performance and test conditions of the receivers are also different, the typical G/T values in the table are only presented as reference.
Items Values Maximum ERIP of PPP-B2b (dBW) 28.4 Spatial transmission loss of L-band (dB) –186.4 Antenna polarization and pointing loss (dB) –1.5 Ground received signal power (dBW) –159.5 Broadcast data rate (bps) 500 C/N0 threshold with BER less than 10−6 (dBHz) 37.6 Designed coding gain (dB) 7.5 A/D conversion and baseband processing loss (dB) 2 Vehicle Geodetic Hand-held Portable Typical G/T of revivers (dB/K) –30.7 –32.7 –32.7 –33.9 Effective C/N0 (dB-Hz) 38.3 36.3 36.3 35.1 Demodulation margin (dB) 6.3 4.3 4.3 3.1 Signal Component Carrier frequency (MHz) Modulation Symbol rate (sps) First three GEOs Subsequent GEOs PPP-B2b I 1207.14 BPSK (10) 1000 available available Q 1207.14 TBD TBD N/A available Power ratio of B2a-I:B2a-Q: B2b-I:B2b-Q Actual power* Multiplexing efficiency Phase relationship between B2b-I and B2a-I Signal components B2a-I B2a-Q B2b-I B2b-Q 1:1:1:0 Unlimited bandwidth 0.2374 0.2374 0.2374 0 71.22% 45° Working bandwidth 0.3118 0.3118 0.3118 93.54% ↵a* The total transmission power is assumed to be 1.
- TABLE 5
Maximum number of visible satellites in mainland China under different GNSS combinations
GNSS combination BDS BDS+GPS BDS+GPS+GLO BDS+GPS+GLO+GAL Maximum number of visible satellites 20 36 49 68 Correction Standard SSR BDSBAS PPP service Length (bit) Scale factor Range Length (bit) Scale factor Range Orbit correction (R) 22 0.1 mm ±209.7151 m 15 1.6 mm ±26.2128 m Orbit correction (A) 20 0.4 mm ±209.7148 m 13 6.4 mm ±26.208 m Orbit correction (C) 20 0.4 mm ±209.7148 m 13 6.4 mm ±26.208 m Clock correction (C0) 22 0.1 mm ±209.7151 m 15 1.6 mm ±26.2128 m Clock correction (C1) 21 0.001 mm/s ±1.048575 m/s - - - Clock correction (C2) 27 0.00002 mm/s2 ±1.342177 m/s2 - - - Differential code bias 14 0.01 m ±81.91 m 12 0.02 m ±35.746 m URA 6 1 0∼7 6 1 0∼7 - TABLE 7
Probabilities of corrections falling within the ranges of different message formats
GNSS Message format Orbit correction (%) Clock correction (%) Differential code bias (%) Radial Cross Along BDS Standard SSR 100.00 99.99 100.00 100.00 100.00 BDS PPP Service 99.94 99.98 99.94 99.93 100.00 GPS Standard SSR 100.00 99.99 99.99 100.00 100.00 BDS PPP Service 100.00 99.99 99.99 100.00 100.00 GLO Standard SSR 99.99 99.99 99.99 100.00 100.00 BDS PPP Service 99.99 99.99 99.99 100.00 100.00 GAL Standard SSR 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 BDS PPP Service 100.00 99.94 99.99 99.99 100.00 Correction Update interval/s BDS/m GPS/m GLO/m GAL/m Orbit correction (R) 30 0.002 0.002 0.014 0.001 60 0.004 0.004 0.029 0.001 120 0.007 0.007 0.062 0.002 Orbit correction (C) 30 0.011 0.006 0.015 0.001 60 0.023 0.012 0.030 0.003 120 0.046 0.025 0.063 0.005 Orbit correction (A) 30 0.012 0.004 0.014 0.001 60 0.025 0.009 0.029 0.002 120 0.050 0.018 0.062 0.004 Clock correction (C0) 5 0.002 0.004 0.005 0.000 10 0.004 0.008 0.009 0.001 20 0.007 0.017 0.018 0.001 Message type (in decimal) Information content Nominal validity time (s) 1 Satellite mask - 2 Satellite orbit correction and URA 96 3 DCB 86400 4 Satellite clock correction 12 5 URA 96 6 Clock correction and orbit correction - combination 1 96 7 Clock correction and orbit correction - combination 2 96 8–61 Reserved - 62 Reserved - 63 Null message - Items Values Data rate (bps) 500 Ground received signal power (dBW) –159.5 C/N0 threshold with BER less than 10−6 (dB) 37.6 Boltzmann const k (dBJ/K) –228.6 A/D conversion and baseband processing loss (dB) 2 Symbol rate (bps) 500 Vehicle Geodetic Hand-held Portable Typical G/T of revivers (dB/K) ≤–30.7 ≤–32.7 ≤–32.7 ≤–33.9 Effective C/N0 (dB-Hz) 33.4 31.4 31.4 30.2 Minimum coding gain requirements (dB) 4.2 6.2 6.2 7.4 Items Specification Working frequency 1190 MHz∼1270 MHz 1521 MHz∼1615 MHz Support positioning signal GPS L1/L2 GLONASS G1/G2/G3 BDS B1/B2/B3 Galileo E1/E5b Phase center deviation ≤2.0 mm Phase center repeatability ≤1.0 mm Polarization Right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) Low noise amplification (LNA) 43 ± 2 dB (Typical value) Stations Accuracy (RMS,m) Convergence time (s) Horizontal Vertical Beijing 0.081 0.121 470 Sanya 0.092 0.145 501 Shantou 0.083 0.139 504 Harbin 0.115 0.151 614
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.