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Research ArticleOriginal Article
Open Access

A multi-frequency method to improve the long-term estimation of GNSS clock corrections and phase biases

A. Rovira-Garcia, J. M. Juan, J. Sanz, G. González-Casado, J. Ventura-Traveset, L. Cacciapuoti and E. Schoenemann
NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation December 2021, 68 (4) 815-828; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/navi.453
A. Rovira-Garcia
1Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
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  • For correspondence: [email protected]
J. M. Juan
1Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
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J. Sanz
1Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
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G. González-Casado
1Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
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J. Ventura-Traveset
2European Space Agency (ESA)
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L. Cacciapuoti
2European Space Agency (ESA)
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E. Schoenemann
2European Space Agency (ESA)
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Article Figures & Data

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  • FIGURE 1
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    FIGURE 1

    Linearly detrended carrier-phase residuals of different GPS satellites: G01 (Block IIF), G22 (Block IIR-B), and G32 (Block IIF); and Galileo satellites: E09 (GSAT209 on PHM) and E22 (GSAT204 on RAFS) at midnight from day 110 through 111 in 2017, for the f1 (top), f5 (middle), and f2 ∕f7 (bottom)

  • FIGURE 2
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    FIGURE 2

    Satellite clock offsets for Galileo satellites E01 (GSAT210 on PHM) in the top row and E30 (GSAT206 on PHM) in the bottom row, estimated by the proposed approach (black), ESOC (grey), CODE (red), GFZ (blue), and CNES (green); the left column depicts days 191–199 within the first period in 2017, whereas the right column depicts days 281–289 within the second period in 2017

  • FIGURE 3
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    FIGURE 3

    Allan deviations for Galileo satellites E01 (GSAT210 on PHM) in the top row and E30 (GSAT206 on PHM) in the bottom row, estimated by the proposed approach (black), ESOC (grey), CODE (red), GFZ (blue), and CNES (green); the left column corresponds to the entire first period analyzed in 2017, whereas the right column depicts the second period

  • FIGURE 4
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    FIGURE 4

    Histogram depicting the prediction errors after linear extrapolation for all GPS and Galileo satellites in the top and bottom panels, respectively; the left column depicts the first period considered in 2017, whereas the right column depicts the second period; the bin size of the histograms was 5 mm

  • FIGURE 5
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    FIGURE 5

    Receiver clock offsets for permanent stations equipped with a PHM clock: BRUX (top row) and MGUE (bottom row), estimated by the proposed approach (black), ESOC (grey), CODE (red), GFZ (blue), and CNES (green); the left column depicts days 191–199 within the first period in 2017, whereas the right column depicts days 281–289 within the second period in 2017

  • FIGURE 6
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    FIGURE 6

    Allan deviations for permanent stations BRUX (top row) and MGUE (bottom row), estimated by the proposed approach (black), ESOC (grey), CODE (red), GFZ (blue), and CNES (green); every column represents a period in which the receivers did not experience any reset within the first period (left column) and second period (right column) studied in 2017

  • FIGURE 7
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    FIGURE 7

    CDF of the daily RMS values of the prediction errors after linear extrapolation for permanent stations equipped with a PHM clock: BRUX (top row) and MGUE (bottom row), estimated by the proposed approach (black), ESOC (grey), CODE (red), GFZ (blue), and CNES (green); the left column corresponds the first study period in 2017, whereas the right column depicts the second period

  • FIGURE 8
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    FIGURE 8

    Time series depicting differences of phase biases for GPS satellites of the Block IIF G08, G09, and G10 in the top-left, top-right, and bottom-left panel, respectively, whereas Galileo satellite E30 (GSAT206 on PHM) is depicted in the bottom-right panel

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NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation: 68 (4)
NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation
Vol. 68, Issue 4
Winter 2021
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A multi-frequency method to improve the long-term estimation of GNSS clock corrections and phase biases
A. Rovira-Garcia, J. M. Juan, J. Sanz, G. González-Casado, J. Ventura-Traveset, L. Cacciapuoti, E. Schoenemann
NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation Dec 2021, 68 (4) 815-828; DOI: 10.1002/navi.453

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A multi-frequency method to improve the long-term estimation of GNSS clock corrections and phase biases
A. Rovira-Garcia, J. M. Juan, J. Sanz, G. González-Casado, J. Ventura-Traveset, L. Cacciapuoti, E. Schoenemann
NAVIGATION: Journal of the Institute of Navigation Dec 2021, 68 (4) 815-828; DOI: 10.1002/navi.453
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Keywords

  • clock stability
  • day boundary discontinuity (DBD)
  • global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)
  • integer ambiguity resolution (IAR)
  • International GNSS Service (IGS)
  • phase biases

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