Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Pseudorange double differences in a spoofing scenario for a single satellite pair PRN 5 and 29 and two receivers separated by 100 meters
- FIGURE 2
Carrier-phase double differences in a spoofing scenario for a single satellite pair PRN 5 and 29 and two receivers separated by 100 meters; each double difference has had its initial value removed to facilitate comparison.
- FIGURE 3
Overview of the prototype implementation; this work has made modifications or implementations in the gray blocks whereas the other blocks indicate software or hardware that were used without modifications.
- FIGURE 4
Simulated positions of the receivers and the meaconer
- FIGURE 5
The performance of Detector 1b using pseudoranges and Detector 2b using carrier phases for Scenarios (Sc.) 1–8; average number of correctly authenticated signals is shown as a function of the length of the observation window. In total seven authentic and seven spoofing signals were tracked.
- FIGURE 6
Average number of correctly authenticated signals as a function of observation time; the scenario with receivers 1, 6, and 7 (5-meter distances) used Receiver 6 as reference. The scenario with receivers 1, 3, 4, and 10 (50-meter distances) used Receiver 1 as reference. In total, seven authentic and seven spoofing signals were tracked.
- FIGURE 7
Receiver positions and the position of transmitting and receiver antennas of spoofing system in live-sky tests
- FIGURE 8
Estimated J/N using receiver Rx B over 30-s ramp steps showing a theoretical ramp adjusted with the help of the USRP-estimated J/N
- FIGURE 9
Horizontal position error based on position computations from GNSS-SDR; ramp in J/N (dB) based on USRP data with averaging over the 30-s ramp steps
- FIGURE 10
Correlation function at time instance 09:28:25, receiver Rx A and PRN 1
- FIGURE 11
Horizontal error with receiver Rx B and estimated J/N using averaging over the 30-s ramp intervals
- FIGURE 12
Horizontal error with receiver Rx A and estimated J/N using averaging over the 30-s ramp intervals
Tables
Detector Measurement Equation Noise variance 1a Pseudorange (11) known 1b Pseudorange (13) unknown 2a Carrier phase (11) known 2b Carrier Phase (13) unknown - TABLE 3
Receivers used in each scenario and the distance between the receivers in each scenario; the direction that the receivers are located on is specified as either SE-NW (southeast to northwest) or SW-NE (southwest to northeast).
Scenario Receivers Receiver distance (m) Direction 1 Rx1, Rx2 100 SE-NW 2 Rx3, Rx4 100 SW-NE 3 Rx1, Rx5 1 SE-NW 4 Rx1, Rx6 5 SE-NW 5 Rx1, Rx7 10 SE-NW 6 Rx1, Rx8 20 SE-NW 7 Rx1, Rx9 35 SE-NW 8 Rx1, Rx10 50 SE-NW - TABLE 4
Combination of multiple receivers; the reference receiver is underlined. Distance equates to distance to reference receiver.
Distance Receivers Combinations 5 1,6,7 {1, 6}, {6, 7}, {1, 6, 7} 50 1,3,4,10 {1, 4}, {1, 10}, {1, 4, 10}, … {1, 3, 4, 10}
Jump to section
Related Articles
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.