Article Figures & Data
Figures
- FIGURE 1
Constellation diagram of the linear combination of three signals
- FIGURE 2
Comparison of the modified CEMIC method with the original CEMIC method for Case 1
- FIGURE 3
Comparison of the modified CEMIC method with the original CEMIC method for Case 2
- FIGURE 4
Comparison of the modified CEMIC method with the original CEMIC method for Case 3
- FIGURE 5
Constellation diagram of the proposed options
- FIGURE 6
Optimization performance using gradient-descent-based algorithm
- FIGURE 7
Power spectral density (PSD) of the proposed options
- FIGURE 8
Experimental setup
- FIGURE 9
Modified CEMIC Option 1 hardware results at the L5 band with output filter
- FIGURE 10
Modified CEMIC Option 2 hardware results at the L5 band with output filter
Tables
Signal Power Sharing (%) Case 1 Case 2 Case 3 P0 A1 A2 P0 A1 A2 P0 A1 A2 S1 20 18.17 18.20 22 15.79 16.84 20 12.00 14.74 S2 20 18.17 18.20 22 15.79 16.84 30 18.00 22.11 S3 10 9.09 9.1 12 8.61 9.19 20 12.00 14.74 S4 50 45.43 45.49 44 31.59 33.68 30 18.00 22.11 IM1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.94 IM2 0 0 0 0 0 4.32 0 0 2.94 IM3 0 0 0 0 0 4.32 0 0 2.91 IM4 0 0 0 0 0 4.32 0 0 2.93 IM5 0 0 0 0 0 4.32 0 0 2.92 IM6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.94 IM7 0 4.37 5.18 0 8.52 0.66 0 8.04 0.09 IM8 0 3.46 3.01 0 19.26 3.9 0 11.95 1.34 IM9 0 0.65 0.41 0 0.21 0.80 0 8.04 0.09 IM10 0 0.65 0.41 0 0.21 0.80 0 11.95 1.36 IM11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IM12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 η 100 90.86 90.98 100 71.79 76.56 100 60.00 73.70 Note: A1: CEMIC method; A2: Modified CEMIC method (Proposed); S-1 to S-4: Main signal components; IM-1 to IM-12: Inter-modulation terms; η: Multiplexing efficiency; and P0 is the initial/desired power sharing
Signal Present IRNSS signal Modified CEMIC Option-1 Modified CEMIC Option-2 Power (%) Phase Power (%) Phase Change (dB) Power (%) Phase Change (dB) RS Data 44.44 Q 39.12 Q −0.55 40.84 Q −0.37 RS Pilot 22.22 I 19.57 I −0.55 16.27 I −1.35 SPS Data 22.22 I 19.57 I −0.55 16.27 I −1.35 Additional Signal - I 10.65 I - 16.27 I - IM Signal 11.11 Q 4.69 Q −3.75 6.68 Q −2.2 - I 6.4 I - 3.67 I - Intermodulation Component (#) Effective Waveform Power (Phase) Add. Signal as BOC(5,2) Add. Signal as BOC(10,1) Add. Signal as BPSK(2) Option-1 Option-2 1 BPSK(2) BOC(10,2) BOC(5,2) 6.4%(I) 6.68%(I) 2 BPSK(2) BPSK(2) BPSK(2) 3.6%(Q) 1.223%(Q) 3 BPSK(2) BOC(10,2) BOC(5,2) 0.545%(Q) 1.223%(Q) 4 BOC(5,2) BOC(10,2) BPSK(2) 0.545%(Q) 1.223%(Q) Parameter Unit Value Signal Modulation - Modified CEMIC Signal Frequency MHz 1176.45 Additional signal modulation - BOC(5,2) Filter 3 dB Bandwidth MHz 40 Filter Insertion Loss dB 0.1
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