Ephemeris Parameterization Methods for Terrestrial Satellite Navigation
ICD: interface control document, LEO: low Earth orbit, OE: orbital elements
| Constellation | Source | Orbit | Fitting Parameter | Parameterization Method | # of Params | Fit Interval |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GPS (Default) | ICD | MEO | Classical OE | linear drift + sinusoidal | 15 | 2 h |
| Galileo (Default) | ICD | MEO | Classical OE | linear drift + sinusoidal | 15 | 3 h |
| BeiDou (Default) | ICD | MEO | Classical OE | linear drift + sinusoidal | 18 | - |
| GEO | ||||||
| IGSO | ||||||
| L5 SBAS | Reid et al. (2013) | GEO | Classical OE | linear drift + sinusoidal (argument of latitude only) | 9 | 10 min |
| BeiDou (Modified) | Xiaogang et al. (2017) | GEO | Non-singular OE | linear drift + sinusoidal (longitude & orbital radius) | 13 | 2 h |
| GLONASS | ICD | MEO | PZ-90 Cartesian | numerical propagation | 9 | 30 min |
| L1 SBAS | Reid (2017) | GEO | ECEF Cartesian | second-order polynomial extrapolation | 9 | 6 min |
| GNSS (alt.) | Dobbin and Axelrad (2023) | LEO GEO | ECEF Cartesian | B-spline | >10 | <40 min |