TABLE 8

Time Constants of Multipath Estimated From Simulation (τsm : Time Constant of the Carrier Smoothing Filter)

Time constant of multipath (s)
LiteratureRaw multipathSmoothed multipath (τsm = 30 s)Smoothed multipath (τsm = 100 s)
Minimum5 (assumption)52654
Percentile5th7 (Pervan et al., 2017)83682
50th14 (Pervan et al., 2017)1548116
95th170 (Pervan et al., 2017)170196287
Maximum900 (Langel et al., 2021)89923152894