TABLE 2

Standard deviations of the process and measurement noises in each algorithm (PF: Particle filter)

AlgorithmMotion Process NoiseMeasurement Noise
PF with IMUσx = σy = σz = 0.2mσd = 0.3 m
σα = 3°
PF with Approach 1σx = σy = σz = 0.6 m/s2 (first time stamp) σx = σy = σz = 0.4 m/s2 (latter time stamps)σϕ = 5°
PF with Approach 2/ (determine adaptively)
standard PFσx = σy = σz = 0.1 m/s2
Rao-Blackwellized PF